![]() On June 17, 1988, this ordinance was overturned by the United States Supreme Court in a 4-3 ruling, citing that the ordinance could potentially be used to penalize newspapers that criticize the local government. In 1983, the city of Lakewood, Ohio adopted an ordinance that gave the mayor of the city complete control of where newspaper racks could be placed, and which newspapers could be placed in them. In the United States, publishers have said that the distribution of newspapers by means of street racks is "an essential method of conveying information to the public" and that regulations regarding their placement are an infringement of the First Amendment to the United States Constitution. One of the most popular newsrack manufacturers is Kaspar, a Shiner, Texas-based wire works company famous for their Sho-Racks. By 1987, over one million machines had been distributed. Two models, one with a capacity for 1,250 pages of newsprint, the other 2,500 pages, were brought into production initially. The newspaper rack was able to be used with one hand, and took around 30 seconds to dispense a paper. ![]() ![]() The new invention could be adjusted to accept coins of different denominations (depending on the cost of the paper sold). Hemmeter's company, the Serven Vendor Company, was based in Berkeley, California, and had been making rural mail tubes and honor racks. The coin operated newspaper vending machine was invented in 1947 by inventor George Thiemeyer Hemmeter. ![]()
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